4. 2019

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http://10.150.1.119/handle/123456789/2612

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Browsing 4. 2019 by Subject "Customs Administration"

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    Effect of electronic-customs on customs border management in Kenya: a case study of Namanga border.
    (KESRA/JKUAT - Unpublished research project, 2019) Nyaboke, Deborah Moses
    Border management is one of the great challenges of our times. In an increasingly globalized world, how do governments maintain the security they need, while encouraging the trade they want? The Kenyan government successful launched and implemented KNESWS in 2014 with the intention of automating its systems to promote trade and enhance the security thereby improving the management of its borders. However, despite the implementation of KNESWS, The Kenyan Customs is still currently experiencing difficulties with managing its borders which are commonly characterized by smuggling, dumping of contraband and sub-standards goods, diversional and terrorists passing through the borders. Therefore this study determines if there has been any value of the investment seen in the stabling e-customs at the Kenyan borders, by answering the question “has e-customs helped improve the management of the Kenyan borders?” The study was guided by a primary objective of establishing the effect of e-customs on border management in Kenya while focusing on the case of the Namanga Border. The study was further guided by three specific objective, which are to examine the effects of the exchange of electronic data on border management in Kenya, to evaluate the effects of integrated electronic system on border management in Kenya, and to determine the effects of the impact of cargo security on border management in Kenya. This study was based on the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and the theory of planned behavior. The study had a target population of about 120 people consisting of customs officers responsible for inspection, customs officers responsible for monitoring scanners, declarations, and ECTS, and customs officers who monitor the Red, Yellow, and green channel. The studies obtained its primary data using Likert scale questionnaires and secondary data from the relevant empirical literature. The study used a descriptive survey design. Stratified sampling was employed in obtaining a sample of 72 respondents. Inferential and descriptive statistics (such as mean, coefficient of variation, percentages, and standard deviation) were used to analyze the study’s quantitative data. Moreover, correlation analysis was used to establish the relationship between the independent and the dependent variables. The survey found that 86.7% of the respondents believed that effective exchange of electronic data promoted border security, 83.3% of the respondents agreed the level of cargo security determined if the borders were managed effectively or not and 88.7% of the respondents integrated electronic systems highly promoted border security. The study concluded that the Namanaga border should invest more on the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), which is a form of integrated electronic system. The WSN would be effective in Connecting the physical and the digital worlds. Moreover, the WSN has the potential of promoting border security hence enhancing the management of the Kenyan borders as it is known to be widely applicable in not only monitoring and controlling borders, but also in the increasing of the alertness of the border security officials. The study also recommends that the criteria used to determine high risk containers that require thorough expansion should be widened and increased and the monitoring of ECTS should be done by both machines and human beings. The study further recommended that for better facilitation of trade it is of utmost importance for the Kenyan government to continually upgrade its electronic system (KNESWS)
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    Effects of customs automated systems on trade facilitation in Kenya.
    (KESRA/JKUAT - Unpublished research project, 2019) Ouso, Elijah Gogah
    Trade facilitation is simplifying, harmonizing, standardizing and modernizing trade processes. It aims to reduce the cost of trade transactions at the business-government interface and is an agenda item for many customs-related operations. Customs administrations carry out large, significant tasks that enable the flow of products and services across global boundaries. Customs have traditionally played a rather limited role, focusing mainly on collecting duties and taxes on imported products. For instance, income gathered by the (KRA) in Kenya in the department of customs is a major source of revenue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of customs systems on trade facilitation in Kenya. The study was guided by three objectives which include; examining the effects of Simba 2005 System, determining the effects of single window systems and establishing the effects of electronic cargo trucking system on trade facilitation in Kenya. The study based on four theories which include: Technology change, constraints and operational measures, Mobility intergenerational, trade facilitation. The research evaluated and examined various systems that influence custom administration operations which may affect trade facilitation in Kenya. It also aimed at addressing how customs administration implemented various systems which include; Simba 2005 System, single window system and electronic cargo trucking system in their operations and the need to adopt a robust and more efficient system built on the latest technology with capability of seamlessly internal and external systems. The target population of this study is heterogeneous and it targeted 30% of 525 Customs officers who work in the customs departments in at Times Towers main office. The targeted population was 525 customs officers working in various departments of customs at times towers. Primary and secondary data were the main data source for this study. Questionnaire was the major tool for obtaining primary data from respondents while secondary data were obtained from existing study-related empirical literature. Using a descriptive survey design, the study used an exploratory approach. The questionnaire was conceived using the type of Likert scale. For a sample target of 157 participants, a stratified sampling method was used and out of 157 questionnaires issued, 125 (79.62%) were dully field. Data were coded and entered into SPSS from which correlation analysis was used to evaluate the collected information. Both quantitative analysis and regression analysis were used as a data analysis technique. The information gathered have been executed through different models to obviously highlight the factors that determine the impacts of customs schemes on trade facilitation. The investigator also used a multivariate regression analysis to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the variable dependent. The study established that the adoption of various systems on customs departments had a major effect on traders and clearing and forwarding companies because custom systems reduce the average lodging time and clearance time of goods. From these findings, there was quick movement of products as a result of the implementation of various customs systems. Thus, the implementation of various customs systems has a major impact on facilitating trade in Kenya.