2. Post Graduate Diploma

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Browsing 2. Post Graduate Diploma by Subject "Border Management Techniques"

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    Effects of Coordinated Border Management Techniques on Trade Facilitation
    (KESRA/JKUAT - Unpublished research project, 2022-09-01) Doreen, Mutua
    The study aimed at determining the effects of coordinated border management techniques on trade facilitation in Kenya. The specific objectives were to determine the effects of Single Window system on Trade Facilitation in Kenya at the Port of Mombasa, to establish the effects of Joint Patrols on Trade Facilitation at the Port of Mombasa and to determine the effects of Joint Risk Management initiatives on Trade Facilitation at the Port of Mombasa. The study was anchored on three relevant theories: Technological change theory, Change management theory and Theory of constraints. The study adopted a descriptive research design and targeted 500 officers from various departments including officers from Customs, Port Health, Kenya Ports Authority, among others at the Mombasa port. A questionnaire containing both structured and semi-structured questions was used to collect primary data. A pilot study was carried out on 11 customs that did not form part of target population to test the reliability and validity of the research instrument. The study used Cronbach’s alpha (α) coefficient to test reliability, while face and content validity were used for checking for validity of the research instrument. The primary data collected was analyzed with the use of SSPS version 28. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics by use of moderated multiple regression analysis. The questionnaire was conceived using the type of Likert scale. For a sample target of 150 participants, a stratified sampling method was used and out of 150 questionnaires issued, 120 (80.00%) were dully field. Data were coded and entered into SPSS from which correlation analysis was used to evaluate the collected information. Both quantitative analysis and regression analysis were used as a data analysis technique. The information gathered have been executed through different models to obviously highlight the factors that determine the impacts of coordinated border management on trade facilitation. The investigator also used a multivariate regression analysis to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the variable dependent. The study revealed that Joint patrols, Joint Risk Management techniques and One Stop Border Post had significant influence on trade facilitation in Kenya. The results indicated that One Stop Border Post has reduced the clearance time of the cargos hence reducing the cost of doing business in Kenya. The study concluded that Joint patrols, Joint Risk Management techniques and One Stop Border Post influence facilitation of trade in Kenya. The One Stop Border Post had more impact on trade facilitation then followed by Joint Risk Management. The study recommends that Customs administration should adopt the One Stop Border Post to enhance their productivity and profitability. The study established that the adoption of various systems on customs departments had a major effect on traders because custom systems reduce the average lodging time and clearance time of goods. From these findings, there was quick movement of products as a result of the implementation of various customs systems. Thus, the
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    Effects of Coordinated Border Management techniques on Trade Facilitation at the Port of Mombasa
    (KESRA/JKUAT - Unpublished research project, 2019) Seko, Owiso Brian ; Mumia Benn MINCU, CPA.K
    Countries are striving to ensure trade facilitation as well as ensuring safety and security of goods and people during trade and travel flows. Global trade is vulnerable to manipulation by traders. EAC block has experienced non-tariff barriers which has greatly affected trade. Adoption of CBM techniques is vital to facilitate trade. The general objective of the study is to determine the effect of coordinated border management techniques on trade facilitation at the Port of Mombasa. The specific objectives are three; to establish the effect of single window system on trade facilitation, to determine the effect of joint patrols on trade facilitation and to evaluate the effect of joint risk management initiatives on trade facilitation at the port of Mombasa. The theories underpinning this study are three; resource-based view theory, communication theory and institutional theory. A study sample of 229 was drawn from a target population of 534. Descriptive research design was used where questionnaires were administered to the respondents with relevant information for the study. The study employed descriptive statistical methods for data summary using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) and get a description of the response to questions. The methods are use of frequency tables, weighted means, standard deviation and summarized percentages. The results showed that there was a weak positive significant correlation between single window system and trade facilitation (r = 0.093, P<0.05). Regression analysis conducted proved that there was a positively significant effect of single window system on trade facilitation. The study concludes that an increase in adoption of single window system by one unit would lead to increase in trade facilitation by 0.117 units. The findings indicated that there was a weak positive significant correlation between joint patrols and trade facilitation (r=0.171, P<0.05). Regression analysis was also conducted and the results showed a positively significant effect of joint patrols on trade facilitation. The study concludes that an increase in joint patrols by one unit would lead to increase in trade facilitation by 0.072 units. The findings indicated that there was a weak positive significant correlation (r = 0.158, P<0.05). Regression analysis was also conducted and the results proved that there was positively significant effect of joint risk management initiatives on trade facilitation. The study concludes that an increase in joint risk management initiatives by one unit would lead to increase in trade facilitation by 0.152 units. The study recommends that the port of Mombasa needs to adjust to globally accepted procedures in exchange assistance during trade in order to stay relevant and that different partners should vigorously keep pushing for exchange assistance improvement if they are to gain from trade facilitation especially adoption of CBM techniques